The technique for placement of nerve catheters has evolved over time, initially being done using anatomic landmarks and either subjective paresthesia, fascial “click” or fluoroscopic visualization. By the 1970s, the…

A continuous peripheral nerve block (CPNB) or peripheral nerve catheter (PNC) is essentially an indwelling tubular device inserted via a needle through the skin, with orifices at each end for…

Cardiovascular disease, which is the leading cause of death for both men and women in the United States,1 refers to various types of heart conditions that affect health and mortality. These conditions include coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular…

Obesity, defined as a body mass index (BMI) at or above 30 kg/m2, has become an “epidemic” according to contemporary researchers.1 The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recognized the…

Introduced in early July 2019 to Congress, H.R. bill 3630—known as the No Surprises Act—is intended to limit out-of-network rates that may be charged to individuals insured by healthcare plans…

Ventilation strategies for infants and children are also important to tailor to each patient as there is greater risk for barotrauma and atelectrauma. The closing capacity of an infant’s lungs…

Providing safe and effective anesthesia for the pediatric population is an undertaking that involves several unique challenges the anesthesiologist must consider. To the untrained, it would seem everything is just…

In the modern practice of Anesthesiology, we strive to make clinical decisions based on evidence. Outcomes research is the discipline that focuses on providing this evidence. In short, it tells…

Primary care physicians (PCPs) are instrumental to comprehensive healthcare management, particularly in providing common treatments and tracking patient care across time. Alarmingly, a 2018 study by the American Association of…